Finish compositions for textile materials



United States Patent 3,357,919 FINISH COMPOSITIONS FOR TEXTILE MATERIALS Lawrence R. Blake and Milton E. Abraham, Cumberland,

MIL, and William T. Burr, Jr., Asheville, N.C.,- assignors to Celanese Corporation, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Sept. 18, 1964, Ser. No. 397,631

5 Claims. (Cl. 25288) This invention relates to novel lubricating and finish agents for filaments, yarns and other textile materials. It is often necessary to apply a lubricating and conditioning finish to filaments, yarns, threads and the like in order to make them more amenable to the various physical operations to which they are subjected, e.g., spinning, winding, coning, weaving, warping, knitting, and so forth. The presence of the finish agent is intended to reduce friction between the yarn and the various pieces of apparatus with which it comes in contact, such as guides, rollers, and the like, to prevent tearing of the filaments and to minimize excessive attraction or repulsion of the filaments caused by electrostatic charges. Once the filaments are spun and are ready for dyeing, it becomes necessary to remove the aforementioned finish compositions in order to insure regular, even dyeing. Consequently, the yarns are usually secured with a synthetic detergent and an alkali in order to eliminate conditioning agents. It has been found that many of the finish agents heretofore employed form undesirable filmy deposits on the surface of the scouring bath. These deposits (commonly referred to as scum) severely limit the usefulness of the scouring bath and also are detrimental to subsequent dyeing of the yarns since scum residues remaining on the yarns cause uneven,

streaked dyeing.

' It is an object of this invention to provide a finish agent for filaments and yarns which will enable said filaments and yarns to undergo the rigors of subsequent processing.

It is another object of this invention to provide a finish agent for filaments and yarns which is readily removed therefrom in normal scouring operations.

It is a'further object of this invention to provide a finish agent for filaments and yarns which does not form undesirable filmy deposits in baths used for scouring of said filaments and yarns.

Other objects and the advantage of this invention will become apparent from the description that follows.

In accordance with this, invention, filaments or yarns are treated with a finish formulation comprising a mineral oil, an ester of an unsaturated alcohol and phosphoric acid, a'fatty oil, an alkylolamine, a substituted phenolic compound, and a scouring aid comprising a blend consisting of an amine polyol, an amide of an amine polyol and a fatty acid, and amine soaps. It has been found that use of this unique blend of components on filaments and yarns provides adequate lubricity for processing the filaments and yarns through subsequent operations like winding,

coning, twisting, warping, knitting, and the like. Moreover, this finish formulation can be readily removed in conventional scouring baths without the formation of undesiiable filmy residues.

The mineral oil in the finish formulation of the invention is a refined paratfinic petroleum product and is present in the composition in the range of from about 30% to about 75%, by weight of the formulation. It usually has a viscosity at 100 F. in the range of about 45 to about l00Saybolt Universal seconds.

3,357,919 Patented Dec. 12, 1967 ice be employed. This ester is generally present in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 45%, by weight of the formulation.

The fatty oil in the composition may be selected from such oils as soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, and glycerol trioleate. The fatty oil may have a viscosity at F. of from about 60 to about 1200 Saybolt Universal seconds and may be present in the formulation in an amount of from about 10% to about 30%, by weight of the formulation.

The alkylolamines employed in the finish formulations of this invention may be derived from mono-, di-, or trialkanolamines. The alkanol portion may be derived from any aliphatic alcohol having up to 8 carbon atoms, whereas the alkyl groups substituted on the amino nitrogen may contain up to 8 carbon atoms. The alkylolamines applicable in the formulations of this invention may be represented by the formula Where R may be hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R is an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The alkylolamines may be present in amounts varying from about 2% to about 10%, by weight of the formulation.

The phenolic compounds of the formulations of this invention serve as antioxidants. Representative of the phenolic compounds suitable for use in this invention are tert-butyl hydroxy anisole, di-tert-amylphenol, di-tertbutyl-para-cresol, and propyl gallate. It should be noted that any phenol capable of serving as an anti-oxidant may be used in the formulations of the invention. The phenolic compounds may be present in amounts ranging from 0.01% to about 0.5%, by weight of the formulation.

Along with the components set forth hereinabove, is incorporated an amine condensate surfactant comprising a blend of three types of additives. The blend itself may constitute from about 2% to about 20%, by weight of the entire formulation. The blend is comprised of an aminopolyol, an amide obtained from an amino polyol and a fatty acid, and amine soaps. The amino 'polyol of this blend may be a simple alkylolamine such as, e.g., mono-,

di-, or triethanolamine, or mono-, di-, or tri-isopropanolamine. The amino polyol is present in the blend in an amount varying from about 10% to about 30%, by weight of the blend.

The amide compound present in the blend is derived from an amino polyol such as those referred to in the paragraph immediately preceding, and fatty acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms. These amide compounds may comprise from about 40% to about 70%, by weight, of the blend. The amine soaps comprise principally alkylolamines in the form of salts of higher fatty acids, that is, acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as, for example, capric, lauric, myristic, oleic, stearic, or the like. The alkylolamines may be selected from such compounds as methanolamine, ethanolamine, or isopropanolamine. These amine soaps may comprise from about 10% to about 30%, by weight, of the blend.

The finishing agents of this invention may be formulated in any manner the practitioner finds expedient. There is no preferred order of adding the components to form the blend.

The finish formulation may be incorporated in or upon textile materials at any stage during or after the manufacture of the filaments, threads, yarns or the like. For instance, in the production of artificial filaments and'the likeby the extrusion of filaments-forming solutions into an evaporative atmosphere, as in dry spinning, or into a precipitating bath, as in wet spinning, the finish formulations of this invention may be introduced in either the spinning solution or in the coagulating bath. Alternatively, the filaments after formation and on leaving the spinning cabinet or coagulating bath may be treated, e.g., by spraying or by passing other wicks, etc., with the finish formulations. It should be noted that, in order to use the finish formulations of this invention to best advantage, it is preferred to apply the formulations to the formed filament .beforethe filament undergoes further processing.

The finishes of the invention are applicable to continuous filament yarn and staple fiber yarn made from a variety of materials, e.g., organic derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose esters like cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate; cellulose ethers like ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose; polyesters like polyethylene terephthalate; polyamides like hexamethylene adipamides and regenerated cellulose. The finish is particularly advantageous in the treatment of cellulose acetate and triacetate filaments and yarns. The finish is especially advantageous when applied to filaments having a total denier of from about 30 to about 4500 and a denier per filament of from about 1 to about 7.

In the following examples, which further illustrate the embodiment of this invention, all parts given are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.

Examples Lubricating compositions under this invention were prepared utilizing the formulations set forth in the table appearing hereinafter. These composition were prepared by admixing the mineral oil, phosphate ester, fatty oil, alkylolamine and phenolic compound and stirring for 30 minutes. The amine condensate was then added to the mixture and blended for 20 minutes.

The performance of the above-described finish formulations were compared with a number of standard mineral oil based textile lubricating compositions conventionally used on cellulose acetate and triacetate. Each formulation was tested in an identical manner by applying it to a icellulose acetate yarn of about 55 denier and about filaments. Standard tests were run on the yarns for tenacity and elongation and at least comparable results were obtained in using the formulation of the invention as were realized by using conventional lubricants. However, when the yarns were passed through a scouring bath, the formulation of the invention gave superior results tothose The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as. follows:

1. Process for the treatment of textile materials in the form of filaments, threads, yarns and the like which comprises applying thereto a finish composition consisting essentially of from about 30% to about 75% by weight of a mineral oil; from about 10% to about 45% by weight of an ester of phosphoric acid and an unsaturated alcohol having up to 18 carbon atoms; from about 10% to about 30% by weight of a fatty textile lubricating oil; from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an alkylolamine being represented by the formula Where R may be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atomsand an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R is an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; fromabout 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a substituted phenol; and from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an amine condensate surfactant consisting essentially of from about 10% tov about 30% by Weight of an alkylolamine from about to about 70% by weight of an amide derived from an alkylolarnine and a fatty acid having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and from about 10% to about 30% by weight of an amine soap of fatty acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

2. Process for the treatment of textile materials in the form of filaments, threads, yarns and the like which comprises incorporating therein a finish composition consisting essentially of from about 30% to about 75 by weight of a mineral oil; from about 10% to about by weight of an ester of phosphoric acid and an unsaturated alcohol having up to 18 carbon atoms; from about 10% to about 30% by Weight of a fatty textile lubricating oil; from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an .alkylolamine being represented by the formula Where R may be selected from the group consistaing of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkanol group havingfrorn 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R is an alkanol group having froml to 8 carbonatoms; from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a substituted phenol and from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an amine condensate surfactant consisting essentially. of from about 40% to about.70%

by weight of an amide derived from an alkylolamine and a fatty acid having from -8 to 18 carbon atomsandfrom weight of an ester of phosphoric acid and an unsaturated obtained by use of conventional agents. Thus, whereas filmy deposits of scum formed in the instances of the other agents, the instant finish was compatible with the scouring solution and no scum formed. In addition, subsequent dyeing agent's.

Any departure from the above description which con 7 forms to the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the invention defined by the following claims.

where R may be selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to- 8 carbon atoms and an alkanol group having from l to 8 carbon atoms and Ris an alkanol group having from lto 8 carbon atoms; from about 0.01% to-about 0. 5% by weight of a substituted phenohand from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an amine condensate surfactant consisting essentially of from about to about 30% by weight of an alkylolamine and from about 40% to about 70% by weight of an amide derived from an alkylolamine and a fatty acid having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and from about 10% to about 30% by weight of an amine soap of fatty acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

4. Continous filament yarn containing a finish composition consisting essentially of from about 30% to about 75% by weight of a mineral oil; from about 10% to about 45% by weight of an ester of phosphoric acid and an unsaturated alcohol having up to 18 carbon atoms; from about 10 to about 30% by Weight of a fatty textile lubricating oil; from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an alkylolamine being represented by the formula where R may be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R is an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a substituted phenol; and from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an amine condensate surfactant consisting essentially of about 10% to about 30% by Weight of an alkylolamine from about 40% to about 70% by weight of an amide derived from an alkylolamine and a fatty acid having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and from about 10% to about 30% by weight of an amine soap of fatty acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

5. Staple fiber yarn containing a finish composition consisting essentially of from about 30% to about 75% by weight of a mineral oil; from about 10% to about by weight of an ester of phosphoric acid and an unsaturated alcohol having up to 18 carbon atoms; from about 10% to about 30% by weight of a fatty textile lubricating oil; from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an alkylolamine being represented by the formula where R may be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and R is an alkanol group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a substituted phenol; and from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an amine condensate surfactant consisting essentially of from about 10% to about 30% by weight of an alkylolamine from about 40% to about by Weight of an amide derived from an alkylolamine and a fatty acid having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and from about 10% to about 30% by weight of an amine soap of fatty acids having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,575,382 11/1951 Duke et al. 2528.8 2,575,399 11/1951 Seymour et al. 2528.8 2,676,924 4/ 1954 Fortess et al. 2528.8 2,730,498 1/ 1956 Fortess et al. 2528.8 2,956,949 10/ 1960 White et a1. 252-88 LEON D. ROSDOL, Primary Examiner.

I. T. FEDIGAN, Assistant Examiner. 

1. PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS IN THE FORM OF FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS AND THE LIKE WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING THERETO A FINISH COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF FROM ABOUT 30% TO ABOUT 75% BY WEIGHT OF A MINERAL OIL; FROM ABOUT 10% TO ABOUT 45% BY WEIGHT OF AN ESTER OF PHOSPHORIC ACID AND AN UNSATURTED ALCOHOL HAVING UP TO 18 CARBON ATOMS; FROM ABOUT 10% TO ABOUT 30% BY WEIGHT OF A FATTY TEXTILE LUBRICATING OIL; FROM ABOUT 2% TO ABOUT 10% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALKYLOLAMINE BEING REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA 